The Effect of Administration of Heat-Killed Salmonella Typhimurium Vaccine toward Foam Cell Formation and Thickening of Arterial Wall as Atherosclerosis Prevention

  
Sri Winarsih*, Tita Luthfia S.**, Mirza Zaka P.**, Rivo Yudhinata B.N.**, Aditya Indra**, Fredo Tamara**

*     Laboratorium of Mikrobiology Medical Faculty Brawijaya University

**   Medical Student at Medical Faculty Brawijaya University

  ABSTRACT

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by lipid deposition in arterial wall. This lipid accumulation due to high level of  LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) in blood circulation. LDL will be modified by inflammatory cytokines, free radical, and several enzymes to formed OxLDL (Oxidized LDL) which had important role in development of atherosclerosis. OxLDL expressed PC (Phosphorylcholine) on its outer membrane which can induced specific antibody anti-PC production for its elimination. Another sourced that can lead to the induction of antibody anti-PC production is Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria. Furthermore the bacteria could synthesize PC which is cross react with PC in OxLDL. The objective of this research was to prove the effect of vaccine S.Typhimurium administration on inhibiting foam cell formation and thickening of arterial wall. Twenty male Wistar rats as animal model were divided into five groups: negative control group (normal diet), positive control group (high fat diet), group A (high fat diet+S. Typhimurium vaccine 100μL+CFA-IFA 100μ), group B (high fat diet+S. Typhimurium vaccine 100μL), and group C (high fat diet+ CFA-IFA 100μ). Vaccine were injected five times at two weeks interval. Result showed the administration of S. Typhimurium+CFA-IFA, S. typhimuirum, and CFA-IFA could significantly decreased  foam cell formation and thickening of arterial wall compared to positive control group (p<0.05). Combination of S. Typhimurium+ CFA-IFA give most obvious effect in decreasing number of foam cell and thickening of arterial wall. So, we can conclude that administration of S. Typhimurium vaccine has protective effect against atherosclerosis.

Key words: vaccine, Salmonella Typhimurium, foam cell, thickening of arterial wall, atherosclerosis